Protein: polymer made up of amino acid monomers. Examples include: enzymes, hormones, and antibodies
Carbohydrate: polymer made up of monosaccharide monomers. Examples include things that end in "ose", chitin, glycogen, starch, and cellulose.
Lipid: polymer made up of fatty acid monomers (usually). Examples include: oils, butter, steroids (cholesterol), cuticle, wax
Nucleic Acid: polymer made up of nucleotide monomers. examples: RNA and DNA
Enzyme: protein that lowers the activation energy needed for a chemical reaction
Activation energy: energy needed to begin a chemical reaction
Endothermic reaction: reaction that absorbs free energy
Exothermic reaction: reaction that releases free energy
Reduction: reaction where an atom gains an electron(s)
Oxidation: reaction where an atom loses an electron(s)
Cohesion: attraction between like substances
Adhesion: attraction between different substances
Polarity: unequal sharing of electrons resulting in a weak charge
hydrogen bond: bond between water molecules
covalent bond: bond where electrons are shared (strong)
ionic bond: bond between two oppositely charged ions
ion: charged particle or atom
molecule: particle consisting of two or more atoms
compound: particle that contains two or more elements
Acid: sour, lower pH than 7, corrosive, when dissolved in water there are more hydronium than hydroxide ions created
Base: bitter, slippery, pH greater than 7, when dissolved in water there are more hydroxide than hydronium ions
Hydroxide: OH-
Hydronium: H30
Buffer: chemical substance that neutralized small changes in pH
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